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The Summer of Love was a social phenomenon that occurred during the summer of 1967, when as many as 100,000 people converged in the Haight-Ashbury neighborhood of San Francisco. Although hippies also gathered in major cities across the U.S., Canada and Europe, San Francisco remained the center of the hippie movement.〔E. Vulliamy, ("Love and Haight" ), ''Observer Music Monthly'' 20 May 2007〕 Like its sister enclave of Greenwich Village, the city became even more of a melting pot of politics, music, drugs, creativity, and the total lack of sexual and social inhibition than it already was. As the hippie counterculture movement came further forward into public awareness, the activities centered therein became a defining moment of the 1960s,〔P. Braunstein, and M.Doyle (eds), ''Imagine Nation: The American Counterculture of the 1960s and '70s'', (New York, 2002), p.7〕 causing numerous 'ordinary citizens' to begin questioning everything and anything about them and their environment as a result. This unprecedented gathering of young people is often considered to have been a social experiment, because of all the alternative lifestyles which became more common and accepted such as gender equality, communal living, and free love.〔(Roots of Communal Revival 1962-1966 )〕 Many of these types of social changes reverberated on into the early 1970s, and effects echo throughout modern society. The hippies, sometimes called flower children, were an eclectic group. Many were suspicious of the government, rejected consumerist values, and generally opposed the Vietnam War. A few were interested in politics; others focused on art (music, painting, poetry in particular) or religious and meditative movements. All were eager to integrate new ideas and insights into daily life, both public and private. == Early 1967 == Inspired by the Beats of the 1950s, who had flourished in the North Beach area of San Francisco, those who gathered in Haight-Ashbury in 1967 rejected the conformist values of Cold War America. These hippies rejected the material values of modern life; there was an emphasis on sharing and community. The Diggers established a Free Store, and a Free Clinic for medical treatment was started.〔M. Isserman, and M. Kazin (eds), ''America Divided: The Civil War of the 1960s'', (Oxford University Press, 2004), pp.151–172〕 The prelude to the Summer of Love was the Human Be-In at Golden Gate Park on January 14, 1967, which was produced and organized by artist Michael Bowen〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Chronology of San Francisco Rock 1965-1969 )〕 as a "gathering of tribes".〔T.H. Anderson, ''The Movement and the Sixties: Protest in America from Greensboro to Wounded Knee'', (Oxford University Press, 1995), p.172〕 James Rado and Gerome Ragni were in attendance and absorbed the whole experience; this became the basis for the musical ''Hair''. Rado recalled, "There was so much excitement in the streets and the parks and the hippie areas, and we thought `If we could transmit this excitement to the stage it would be wonderful....' We hung out with them and went to their Be-Ins () let our hair grow. It was very important historically, and if we hadn't written it, there'd not be any examples. You could read about it and see film clips, but you'd never experience it. We thought, 'This is happening in the streets,' and we wanted to bring it to the stage.'" Also at this event, Timothy Leary voiced his phrase, "turn on, tune in, drop out", that persisted throughout the Summer of Love. The event was announced by the Haight-Ashbury's psychedelic newspaper, the ''San Francisco Oracle'': A new concept of celebrations beneath the human underground must emerge, become conscious, and be shared, so a revolution can be formed with a renaissance of compassion, awareness, and love, and the revelation of unity for all mankind.〔''San Francisco Oracle'', Vol.1, Issue 5, p.2〕 The gathering of approximately 30,000 like-minded people made the Human Be-In the first event that confirmed there was a viable hippie scene.〔T. Gitlin, ''The Sixties: Years of Hope, Days of Rage'', (New York, 1993), p.215〕 The term "Summer of Love" originated with the formation of the Council for the Summer of Love in the spring of 1967 as a response to the convergence of young people on the Haight-Ashbury district. The Council was composed of The Family Dog, The Straight Theatre, The Diggers, The San Francisco Oracle, and approximately twenty-five other people, who sought to alleviate some of the problems anticipated from the influx of people expected in the summer. The Council also supported the Free Clinic and organized housing, food, sanitation, music and arts, along with maintaining coordination with local churches and other social groups to fill in as needed, a practice that continues today.〔(Summer Of Love ~ The Event )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「summer of love」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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